HINDU ASTROLOGY
By - Moreshwar Shankar
Joglekar.
The astrology is a science that explains the effects of planets
on human being.
It assumes that the planetary positions in the sky at the time of one's birth or at the time
of one's conception do influence the human body and human behavior.
The art of charting planetary positions at given time is called charting of horoscope.
It means that Horoscope is the map of sky at given time, but not of the whole sky but a portion of sky where the sun seems to travel from east to west throughout the year daily.
The study of Jyotish is devided in three parts.
1] SIDHANTA :- In this the mathematics of planetary positions is studied. And by that the eclips[grahan],DINAMAAN [time of sunrise and time of sunset] at the given place is calculated. And also other mathematics regarding appearance of DHUMKETU etc. are calculated.
2] SANHITA :- with the help of the above the influence of the various planetary positions is studied.
3] HORA :- In this the life reading of a person as per the planetary positional chart
at the time of one's birth time is studied. This also is called JATAK-SKANDHA.
PANCHANG
Five
main parts of the panchang are as follows:
1.
TITHI
SHUKLA_PAKSHA
When
the Sun and the moon are in conjuction the time is called the end of
AMAVASYA. After that the Moon starts departing from the Sun towards the
East.
The
difference of 12 degrees between the Sun and the Moon is called
completion of one TITHI.
12
* 15 = 180 degrees.
The
Moon is exactly opposite the Sun the time is called the end of PURNIMA.
180 + (12*15) = 360 = 0
or you can say the starting point that is the conjuction of the Sun
and the Moon
KRISHANA_PAKSHA
Thus there are 15 tithis in
Shukla Paksha and 15 in Krishna Paksha.
They are
1]
PRATIPADA
2]
DWITIYA
3]
TRITIYA
4]
CHATURTHI
5]
PANCHAMI
6]
SHASHTHI
7]
SAPTAMI
8]
ASHTAMI
9]
NAVAMI
10] DASHAMI
11]
EKADASHI
12] DWADASHI
13] TRAYODASHI
14] CHATURDASHI
15]
PURNIMA
30] AMAAVASYA
Tithis are denoted either
shukla or Krishna. The prefix.
2. WAAR
The time in between two consecutive Sunrises is called WAAR.
They
are 7 in numbers.
1]
RAVIWAAR (SUNDAY)
2]
SOMAWAAR(MONDAY)
3]
MANGALWAAR(TUESDAY)
4]
BUDHAWAAR(WEDNESDAY)
5]
GURUWAR(THURSDAY)
6]
SHUKRAWAAR(FRIDAY)
7]
SHANIWAAR(SATURDAY)
3.NAKSHATRA
You
all know the circle is devided into
360 parts and each is called Degree (ANSHA).
The
degree is further devided into 60 parts and each is called Minite (KALA)
The
Minite is further devided into 60 parts and each is called
Second
(VIKALA)
FROM
WHERE TO START Measuring a CIRCLE ???
A
big question.
Hidu
month CHAITRA is defined as,
when on the day PURNIMA the Moon is in CHITRA nakshatra that month is
called as CHAITRA.
In
the CHITRA nakshatra there is a star called SPICA or alfa-verginalis. The
point opposite that star is the STARTING POINT to measure our zodiac.
The
zodiac is devided in 27 equal parts. Each one is called
nakshatra.360/27=13 degrees and 20 kalaas.=800 kalas.
They
are as follows:-
-
ASHWINI
-
BHARANI
-
KRITTIKA
-
ROHINI
-
MRIGA
-
AARDRA
-
PUNARWASU
-
PUSHYA
-
AASLESHA
-
MAGHA
-
PURWA
-
UTTARA
-
HASTA
-
CHITRA
-
SWATI
-
WISHAKHA
-
ANURADHA
-
JYESHTHA
-
MOOL
-
PURWASHADHA
-
UTTARASHADHA
-
SHRAWAN
-
DHANISHTHA
-
SHATATARAKA
-
PURWABHADRAPADA
-
UTTARABHADRAPADA
-
REWATI
360
* 60 = 21600 Total kalaas of
circle.
21600/800
= 27 nakshatras
nakshatra
= 800 kaalas
800/600=13
degree and 20 minites.
Yog
The average daily speed of the Sun is 59 kalaas and 8 vikalaas, and the that of the Moon is 790 kalaas and 35 vikalaas. The sum of these two comes to 849 kalaas and 43
vikalaas. Of these when the 800 kalaas are completed that much time is called as a YOG.
They are 27 in numbers :
1] VISHKAMBHA
2] PREETI
3] AAYUSHMAAN
4] SAUBHAGYA
5] SHOBHAN
6] ATIGAND
7] SUKARMA
8] DHRUTI
9] SHOOL
10] GANDA
11] VRUDHHI
12] DHRUVA
13] VYAGHAAT
14] HARSHANA
15] VAJRA
16] SIDHHI
17] VYATIPAAD
18] VARIYAAN
19] PARIGHA
20] SHIV
21] SIDHHA
22] SAADHYA
23] SHUBHA
24] SHUKLA
25] BRAHMA
26] AINDRA
27] VAIDHRUTI.
The counting of these Yogaas starts from the new Moon , that is when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction, that is the end of Aamawasya and beginning of Shukla _Pratipada.
Karan
Previously we have studied the Tithies. The half part of the tithi is called a KARAN.
That means the time taken by the Moon to go ahead of the Sun by 6 degrees is called KARAN.
There are 7 Chara Karans and 4 Sthira Karans.
The Chara karans are :
1] BAVA
2]BALAWA
3]KAULAWA
4]TAITILA
5]GARA
6] VANIJA
7]WISHTI.
They are repeated starting from the 2nd part of the Shukla_Pratipada up to 1st part of the Krishana_Chaturdashi.
Then there are 4 sthira karanas :
1]Krishna_Chaturdashi 2nd part=SHAKUNI
2]Amaawasya 1st part = CHATUSHPAAD
3]Amaawasya 2nd part = NAAG
4]Shukla_Pratipada 1st part = KINSTUGHA
The chart follows
| TITHI_ HALF |
SHUKLA_PAKSHA |
KRISHNA_PAKSHA |
|
Pratipada
1st half
|
Kinstugha |
Balawa
|
|
2nd half
|
Bava
|
Kaulawa
|
|
Dwitiya
1st half
|
Balawa
|
Taitila
|
|
2nd half
|
Kaulawa
|
Gara
|
|
Tritiya
1st half
|
Taitila
|
Vanija
|
|
2nd half
|
Gara
|
Wishti
|
|
Chaturthi
1st half
|
Vanija
|
Bava
|
|
2nd half
|
Wishti
|
Balawa
|
|
Panchami 1st half
|
Bava
|
Kaulawa
|
|
2nd half
|
Balawa
|
Taitila
|
|
Shashthi
1st half
|
Kaulawa
|
Gara
|
|
2nd half
|
Taitila
|
Vanija
|
|
Saptami
1st half
|
Gara
|
Wishti
|
|
2nd half
|
Vanija
|
Bava
|
|
Ashtami
1st half
|
Vishti
|
Balawa
|
|
2nd half
|
Bava
|
Kaulawa
|
|
Navami
1st half
|
Balawa
|
Taitila
|
|
2nd half
|
Kaulawa
|
Gara
|
|
Dashami
1st half
|
Taitila
|
Vanija
|
|
2nd half
|
Gara
|
Wishti
|
|
Ekadashi
1st half
|
Vanija
|
Bawa
|
|
2nd half
|
Wishti
|
Balawa
|
|
Dwadashi
1st half
|
Bawa
|
Kaulawa
|
|
2nd half
|
Balawa
|
Taitila
|
|
Trayodashi
1st half
|
Kaulawa
|
Gara
|
|
2nd half
|
Taitila
|
Vanija
|
|
Chaturdashi
1st half
|
Gara
|
Wishti
|
|
2nd half
|
Vanij
|
Shakuni |
|
Paurnima
1st half
|
Wishti
|
*
|
|
2nd half
|
bawa
|
*
|
|
Aamavasya 1st half
|
*
|
Chatushpad |
|
2nd half
|
*
|
Naag
|
The four types of days:
1] The time Starting from the Sun_rise to the next Sun_rise is called as SAWAN_DAY.
2] The time taken by the Sun to go ahead by 1degree in the Zodiac is called as SAUR_DAY.
3] The time taken by the Moon to pass one Nakshara is called as NAKSHATRA_DAY.(lunar_day).
4] Any star rises at the east , then when it rises again at the east , the time taken for this is called as NAAKSHATRA_DAY.
The time taken is fixed all the time and that is 23 hours 56 minites and 4.1 seconds.
The four types of
months:
1] 30 Sawan_days is called as a Sawan_month.
2] The time taken by the Moon to travel all 27 nakshatras is called as Nakshatra_month.
3] The time taken from one AMAAWASYA to the next AMAAWASYA is called as Chandra_month.
4] The time taken by the Sun to travel 12th part of the Zodiac is called as
Saur_month.
Now a days the 12th part of the Zodiac is called as RASHI. [Although it is wrong. We shall see the definition of the RASHI later on].
The three types of
years:
Above the Sawan_month , Chandra_month and Saur_months are described.
The consecutive 12 such months completes 1 year.
1] The Sawan year is of 360 days.
2] The chandra_year takes approx. 354 days. And 384 days when there is ADHIK_MAHINA.
3] The Saur year is of 365 days 15 ghati 22 pale and 57 vipale.
1 ghati = 24 minites.
60 ghati = 1 day
60 pale = 1 ghati
60 vipale = 1 pala(pale is plural of pala)
There is one more type of year.For that we need to know what is the AYANA,
which we will study in the next lesson.
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